Consumer Buying Behavior of Hybrid Vehicles

Table of Content deed2 1. 0Introduction2 1. 1Background of the report2 1. 2Problem Statement2 1. 3Research Objectives3 1. 4Signifi cornerstonece of the Study3 1. 5Scope of the Study4 2. 0Literature Review5 3. 0Research Methodology7 3. 1 abstractive Frame fiddle7 3. 2Generation of opening7 4. 0Conclusion8 name and address9 Title Factors that affect consumer obtain last of crossbred vehicles (Green Vehicles) in Malaysia. Introduction 1 Background of the StudyWith the air pollution level rising day snip by day caused by the electric arc from stately vehicles, many political sympathies bodies have put in effort to en host emission hold insurance policy since the late of 1960, and it is becoming strict with the EURO committee being the attraction until today, where their emission policy and grading system being accepted or referenced worldwide even in Malaysia. The grading system ground of emission cleanliness as of today is from Euro 1 to Euro 6, where Euro 1 being the sc ald emission standard and Euro 6 being the environmental friendly.This is the scene where al nearly modern vehicles atomic number 18 fitted with catalytic converter since late 1975, a dim-witted device that usher out reduce the deleterious emission such as un-burn hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide by converting them into cleaner substances such as oxygen and total heat by chemical catalyst effect within (Tony & Andrew, 2006). The effect of this is that the test of the awareness of provide efficiency, as many will shape up carry on that if go shoot efficiency basis be increased, then the emission can be gain ground improved, as well as to reduce wastage. many an(prenominal) machine makers has since then began development of fire efficient railway locomotive in order to make a stand, and consequently lead to the trend of crossbreeding electric automobile Vehicle (HEV). 2 Problem Statement barely, emission is go along one environmental actor as there is other oper ator which bothers a driver financial aspect, the fuel and its prices. No matter the fuel is expensive and cheap, if one can travel further with a condition set amount of fuel, then one can certainly save him/her some money (Tony & Andrew, 2006).And back to the environmental area, fossil fuel is non-re tonicable might resources and depletion is certainly inevitable. This is why in recent stratums, many western move makers started to look into building fuel efficient vehicles, by building fuel efficient engines by various ways, most notably by curtailment the engine displacement and compensate it with force induction such as low pressure turbocharger. The effect of this implementation is that apply a sm onlyer capacity engine solely can achieve the index finger legal transfer of a high capacity engine, yet with lower fuel consumption.However back in the eastern automobile industry, where the Nipponese being the attraction they had something else in mind, not only they wante d fuel efficiency exactly at the same time they wished to maximize the go green concept. henceforward they come up with the idea of hybridisation vehicle, where in general damage a vehicle is power by 2 sources of input, which is a recipe internal combustion engine, supported by an additional electric car move which requires special assault and battery pack.The advantages of this implementation is that the fuel consumption and emission is professional over the formal, while the drawback is the alimentation and cost of replacement for faulty battery pack is very expensive. With the hybrid being the hot trend at one time given the promising sales figures from European countries and the USA, principally the maintenance factor is not an issue for them, however in this research we need to predominate taboo the factors hat influence a buyer into considering, buying a hybrid vehicle over here in Malaysia, as the hybrid trend is gloss over very new here in Malaysia, largely s tarting on the year of 2006 where Honda introduces Civic Hybrid. However with the recent evaluateation exemption on hybrid vehicles from the Malaysia government, the trend seems to be changing positively and now we have several models from Honda and Toyota to offer in response to the policy. 3 Research Objectives a) What are the factors that influence consumer into considering a hybrid vehicle? b) What are the factors that support consumer into buying a hybrid vehicle? ) What are the factors that consumer worries virtually when purchasing a hybrid vehicle? 4 Significance of the Study This study into the factors that affect the buying termination of hybrid vehicles in Malaysia could confuse the trend and acceptance of hybrid vehicles here in Malaysia. With that information, topical anesthetic automobile makers can consider into developing our own hybrid vehicles to offer the local markets a broader choice, as well as to stay competitive in the market. Additionally, this will be a good catalyst to spark off Go Green concept into consumers mind that is beneficial to the restoration and persistence of the environment. Scope of the Study In this research, we will first take a general look and introduction into both the low pressure force induction technology and the hybrid technology further then differentiate and contrast the pros and cons in detail. With both concept understood, we will begin to focusing on the trend of hybrid vehicles here in Malaysia, finding step forward the factors that support or deter the acceptance of hybrid vehicle through questionnaire aimed at hybrid owners and potential hybrid owners, from then we can feel what are the main factors and concern of buyer upon making a decision for a hybrid vehicle, and then onclude what can be done to further increase the acceptance level of hybrid vehicles. Literature Review concord to Markel & Simpson (2006), the implementation of hybrid electric vehicles can effectively reduce oil color c onsumption up to 30% when compared to conventional vehicle, however a to the full plug-in hybrid electric vehicle shall be undergo development to further improve the savings and reduce the wastage, as current hybrid electric vehicles uses electric motor powered by battery pack to suffice the engine, which is costly when one needs to replace, and it did not provide much want power.The manufacturer can of course put in a bigger battery pack to punch out better power and durability, but with every 15% of improvement the cost is nearly doubled.This issue is alike mentioned before way back in year 2001, where the development of hybrid vehicles began with the aim in providing a superior fuel efficiency vehicles with marginal wastage and pollutants emitted, in prior to address two major problems (Allella et al, 2001) a) Consumption of fuel World petroleum reserves and residues are unlikely able to give birth against the ever growing necessity of consumption b) Pollution Generally r eferred to the harmful emission that can damage the environmental healthThe most plebeian hybrid vehicle design is found within the famous Japanese automobile makers, respectively the Honda & the Toyota. The idea is to fit an electric motor powered by a battery pack that will recharge itself using the lost energy during the braking procedure, to assist a smaller capacity conventional engine in acceleration. With the motor assistant, the engine need not work and rev up that hard to get the vehicle moving whence fuel consumption can be lowered. When certain conditions are met, the vehicles may also run solely on the electric motor itself most probably during low speed cruising.Putting the vehicle design aside, as stated by Kuo & Wang (2011), the disciplinary in driving, as well as the climate is major factor in reducing fuel consumption. Kuo & Wang pointed out that in countries that have tropical climate, such as those near to the equator, endure to have higher fuel consumption in dex compared to other countries with 4 seasons climate, this is mainly due to the fact that fuel burns better and more(prenominal) efficient when the air temperature is colder, as colder air is more dense and henceforth carries more oxygen molecules.Other than that, since the temperature is generally high throughout the year for tropical climate countries, drivers run away to switch on the air-conditioner (A/C) most of the time to withstand the hot weather, and A/C draws power from the engine to power up the compressor and cooling coil, therefore it results in loss of power from engine and leads to higher fuel consumption. On the disciplinary side, traveling below or way above the optimum speed of a vehicle, usually around 90KM/H to 110KM/H will affect the fuel consumption, where most drivers tend to speed when the chances arise.One should also try to plan their traveling roadway ahead, in order to avoid unnecessary traffic congestion which can result in poor fuel consumption, as start-stop driving proved to have 60% increased fuel consumption compared to smooth non-stop driving. This is generally experienced by most drivers that they can achieve better mileage if they travel on the highway often. Research Methodology 1 Theoretical Framework pic 2 Generation of Hypothesis Assume that ) H0 = Null Hypothesis (No race amid IV & DV) b) H1 = Alternative Hypothesis (Significant relationship betwixt IV & DV) H1 H0 on that point is no relationship between maintenance and leverage decision of hybrid vehicles. H1 There is meaningful relationship between maintenance and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H2 H0 There is no relationship between fuel consumption and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H1 There is significant relationship between fuel consumption and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H3 H0 There is no relationship between tax exemption and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H1 There is significant relationship between tax ex emption and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H4 H0 There is no relationship between personal view and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H1 There is significant relationship between personal view and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. Conclusion In conclusion, no matter it is partial hybrid or fully plug-in hybrid, the main objectives are to prolong the sustainability of petroleum through improved fuel consumption. By going green, the hybrid technology can also help in reducing wastage and guarantee cleaner emission that can contribute to better environmental health and quality. Therefore with all the benefits and savings, we should try to adopt and embrace the implementation of hybrid vehicles. However, there is still room for improvement given the hybrid technology is still new within a decade of time.Government should come out with policy that can help greatly in promoting the adaptation of this green technology. Reference 1) Allella et al, (2001), Negative Log-ga mma Distribution for Data Uncertainty Modeling in reliableness Analysis of Complex System Methodology and Robustness, International Journal of woodland and dependableness Management, Vol. 18, Napoli, Italy. 2) Allela et al, (2005), Optimal Reliability Allocation Under Uncertain Conditions With cover to Hybrid Vehicle Design Online, International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol. 22, Napoli, Italy. Available from (www. meraldinsight. com/0265-671X. htm) Accessed June 6 2011 3) Apaydin O. & Gonullu MT, (2008), Emission Control With Route Optimization In Solid Waste Collection Process, Vol. 33, Sadhana. 4) Davis S. & Diegel S, (2004), Transportation Energy Databook, 24th Edition. 5) Duval M, (2004), progress Batteries for Electric Drive Vehicles, EPRI. 6) Hirsch et al, (2005), Peaking of World Oil Production Impracts, Risks, and Mitigation. 7) Kuo Y. & Wang CC, (2011), Optimizing the VRP by Minimizing burn Consumption Online, International Journal of Management o f Environmental Quality, Vol. 2. Available from (www. emeraldinsight. com/1477-7835. htm) Accessed 8 June 2011 8) Markel T. & Simpson A, (2005), Energy Storage Considerations for Grid-Charged Hybrid Electric Vehicles, IEEE Vehicular Technologies Conference, Chicago, IL. 9) Markel T. & Simpson A, (2006), Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Storage System Design Online, National renewable Energy Laboratory, available from (http//www. nrel. gov/vehiclesandfuels/vsa/pdfs/39614. pdf) Accessed 8 June 2011